Maxims of Politeness Performed by Female Sellers at Traditional Market in Sumatera Barat
Main Article Content
Keywords
Female sellers, maxims of politeness, traditional market
Abstract
This research is aimed at describing the maxims of politeness used by female sellers in a traditional market in Sumatera Barat. The research was conducted in one tradititonal market in Sumatera Barat, namely Batu Sangkar. The data are any utterances produced by female sellers in a traditional market in a traditional market in Batu Sangkar. The data were taken by the observational method with note-taking, recording, and interviewing techniques. The analysis was done by using the concept proposed by (Oktavianus & Revita, 2013; Leech, 1983). The result of the analysis was descriptively done and used the chart. The percentage was also used to identify the number of maxims that occurred. Having analyzed the data, it is found that the female sellers used four maxims in their interaction with the buyers. They are 1) tact, 2) agreement, and 3)modesty. There are two types of agreement between the sellers and the buyers, namely using 1) verbal and 2) non-verbal agreement. The non-verbal agreement is the indication of the insincerity of the sellers of the price bargained by the buyers. The sellers do not get much profit from the price offered by the buyers.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Jeanyfer, J., & Tanto, T. (2018). Request Strategies in Indonesian: an Analysis of Politeness Phenomena in Text Messages. Journal of Language and Literature, 18(2), 132–137. https://doi.org/10.24071/joll.2018.180204
Aminifard, Y., Safaei, E., & Askari, H. (2014). Speech act of suggestion across language proficiency and gender in Iranian context. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 3(5), 198–205. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.3n.5p.198
Aydınoğlu, N. (2013). Politeness and Impoliteness Strategies: An Analysis of Gender Differences in Geralyn l. Horton’s Plays. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.093
Beeching, K. (2002). Gender, Politeness and Pragmatics Particles in French. In 2002. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Brown, P. (2015). Politeness and Language. In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences: Second Edition (Second Edi, Vol. 18). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.53072-4
Bublitz, W., & Norrick, N. R. (2011). Foundations of Pragmatics. Ber: De Gruyton Mouton.
Chiravate, B. (2011). Perception of politeness in English requests by Thai EFL learners. 3L: Language, Linguistics, Literature.
Culpeper, J. (2013). Impoliteness: Questions and Answers. In Aspects of Linguistic Impoliteness.
Davidson, J. (2004). Hypocrisy and the Politics of Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hastuti, E., Julianti, D., Erlangga, D., & Oswari, T. (2013). Kearifan Lokal Sosial Budaya Masyarakat Minang Pedagang Rantau di Jakarta. PESAT (Psikologi, Ekonomi, Sastra, Arsitektur & Sipil), 5, 8–9.
Ike Revita. (2013). Pragmatik:Kajian Tindak Tutur Permintaan Lintas Bahasa. Padang: Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Andalas.
Ilmiani, Dwi ; Wijayanto, Agus ; Hikmat, M. H. (2016). Politeness in Efl Refusals: The Comparison Between Indonesian and Thai Learners of English. Prosiding Konferensi Nasional, 156–164. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303874840_Politeness_In_Efl_Refusals_The_Comparison_Between_Indonesian_And_Thai_Learners_Of_English
Kecskes, I., & Kecskes, I. (2014). Politeness and Impoliteness. In Intercultural Pragmatics. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199892655.003.0010
Kramsch, C. (2011). Language and culture. In The Routledge Handbook of Applied Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203835654
Leech, G. (1983). Principles of Pragmatics. New York: Longman.
Munir, M. (2016). Sistem Kekerabatan Dalam Kebudayaan Minangkabau: Perspektif Aliran Filsafat Strukturalisme Jean Claude Levi-Strauss. Jurnal Filsafat. https://doi.org/10.22146/jf.12612
Ogiermann, E. (2009). On Apologising in Negative and Positive Politeness Cultures. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Oktavianus, & Revita, I. (2013). Kesantunan Berbahasa (1st ed.). Padang: Minangkabau Press.
Revita, I. (2008). Permintaan dan Penolakan: Kajian Sosiopragmatik. Yogyakarta: UGM.
Revita, I. (2010). Tindak Tutur Mahasiswa Kepada Dosen. International Conference on Multidisciplined Linguistics, 2010. Padang: Andalas Univerity.
Revita, I. (2013). Bahasa dan Kekuasaan : Suatu Tinjauan Interaksi antara Dosen dan Mahasiswa Sastra Inggris di Dalam Kelas. 1, 2013. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.25077/ar.1.1.37-47.2013
Revita, I. (2017). Dinamika Translingualisme dalam Komunikasi Generasi Muda Minangkabau Via Media Sosial. SEBAYA, 1–6. Padang: UBH.
Revita, I. (2018). Kaleidoskop Linguistik (I, 2018). Padang: CV. Rumahkayu Pustaka Utama.
Revita, I., & Trioclarise, R. (2017). The Panders’speech Order in Persuading Women and Its Medicai Effect : A Medical-Pragmatics Perspective. Jakarta: UNIKA Atmajaya.
Revita, I., Trioclarise, R., & Anggreiny, N. (2017a). Politeness Strategies of The Panders in Women Trafficking. Buletin Al-Turas, XXIII(1), 191–210.
Revita, I., Trioclarise, R., & Anggreiny, N. (2017b). Psychopragmatic Analysis Of Speech Act Of The Perpetrators Of The Violence Toward Minangkabau Women Analisis Psikopragmatik Tindak Tutur. Gramatika, 1(1962), 112–121. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21009/BAHTERA.161
Revita, I., Trioclarise, R., & Anggreiny, N. (2017c). Realitas Women Trafficking: Bencana Sosialkah? Daun Lontar, 3(5), 2017.
Revita, I., Trioclarise, R., & Gunawan, F. (2017). Matrilinial System and the Activity of Women Trafficking in West Sumatera. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Education, Science, and Technology (ICEST 2017), 97–99. https://doi.org/10.2991/icest-17.2017.33
Sifianou, M. (2012). Disagreements, face and politeness. Journal of Pragmatics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2012.03.009
Suci Erza, & Hamzah. (2018). Impoliteness Used By Haters on Instagram Comments of Male-Female Entertainers. E-Journal English Language and Literature, 7(1), 185–195. Retrieved from https://ejournal.unp.ac.id/index.php/ell/article/view/9911/7381
Sudaryanto. (2015). Metode dan Aneka Teknik Analisis Bahasa. Yogyakarta: Sanata Dharma University Press.
Yule, G., Questions, S., Questions, S., Questions, S., Questions, S., Questions, S., … Questions, S. (2010). The Study of Language ( 4th edition ) Study Guide. 1–97.
Aminifard, Y., Safaei, E., & Askari, H. (2014). Speech act of suggestion across language proficiency and gender in Iranian context. International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature, 3(5), 198–205. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.3n.5p.198
Aydınoğlu, N. (2013). Politeness and Impoliteness Strategies: An Analysis of Gender Differences in Geralyn l. Horton’s Plays. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.093
Beeching, K. (2002). Gender, Politeness and Pragmatics Particles in French. In 2002. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Brown, P. (2015). Politeness and Language. In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences: Second Edition (Second Edi, Vol. 18). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.53072-4
Bublitz, W., & Norrick, N. R. (2011). Foundations of Pragmatics. Ber: De Gruyton Mouton.
Chiravate, B. (2011). Perception of politeness in English requests by Thai EFL learners. 3L: Language, Linguistics, Literature.
Culpeper, J. (2013). Impoliteness: Questions and Answers. In Aspects of Linguistic Impoliteness.
Davidson, J. (2004). Hypocrisy and the Politics of Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hastuti, E., Julianti, D., Erlangga, D., & Oswari, T. (2013). Kearifan Lokal Sosial Budaya Masyarakat Minang Pedagang Rantau di Jakarta. PESAT (Psikologi, Ekonomi, Sastra, Arsitektur & Sipil), 5, 8–9.
Ike Revita. (2013). Pragmatik:Kajian Tindak Tutur Permintaan Lintas Bahasa. Padang: Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Andalas.
Ilmiani, Dwi ; Wijayanto, Agus ; Hikmat, M. H. (2016). Politeness in Efl Refusals: The Comparison Between Indonesian and Thai Learners of English. Prosiding Konferensi Nasional, 156–164. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303874840_Politeness_In_Efl_Refusals_The_Comparison_Between_Indonesian_And_Thai_Learners_Of_English
Kecskes, I., & Kecskes, I. (2014). Politeness and Impoliteness. In Intercultural Pragmatics. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199892655.003.0010
Kramsch, C. (2011). Language and culture. In The Routledge Handbook of Applied Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203835654
Leech, G. (1983). Principles of Pragmatics. New York: Longman.
Munir, M. (2016). Sistem Kekerabatan Dalam Kebudayaan Minangkabau: Perspektif Aliran Filsafat Strukturalisme Jean Claude Levi-Strauss. Jurnal Filsafat. https://doi.org/10.22146/jf.12612
Ogiermann, E. (2009). On Apologising in Negative and Positive Politeness Cultures. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Oktavianus, & Revita, I. (2013). Kesantunan Berbahasa (1st ed.). Padang: Minangkabau Press.
Revita, I. (2008). Permintaan dan Penolakan: Kajian Sosiopragmatik. Yogyakarta: UGM.
Revita, I. (2010). Tindak Tutur Mahasiswa Kepada Dosen. International Conference on Multidisciplined Linguistics, 2010. Padang: Andalas Univerity.
Revita, I. (2013). Bahasa dan Kekuasaan : Suatu Tinjauan Interaksi antara Dosen dan Mahasiswa Sastra Inggris di Dalam Kelas. 1, 2013. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.25077/ar.1.1.37-47.2013
Revita, I. (2017). Dinamika Translingualisme dalam Komunikasi Generasi Muda Minangkabau Via Media Sosial. SEBAYA, 1–6. Padang: UBH.
Revita, I. (2018). Kaleidoskop Linguistik (I, 2018). Padang: CV. Rumahkayu Pustaka Utama.
Revita, I., & Trioclarise, R. (2017). The Panders’speech Order in Persuading Women and Its Medicai Effect : A Medical-Pragmatics Perspective. Jakarta: UNIKA Atmajaya.
Revita, I., Trioclarise, R., & Anggreiny, N. (2017a). Politeness Strategies of The Panders in Women Trafficking. Buletin Al-Turas, XXIII(1), 191–210.
Revita, I., Trioclarise, R., & Anggreiny, N. (2017b). Psychopragmatic Analysis Of Speech Act Of The Perpetrators Of The Violence Toward Minangkabau Women Analisis Psikopragmatik Tindak Tutur. Gramatika, 1(1962), 112–121. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21009/BAHTERA.161
Revita, I., Trioclarise, R., & Anggreiny, N. (2017c). Realitas Women Trafficking: Bencana Sosialkah? Daun Lontar, 3(5), 2017.
Revita, I., Trioclarise, R., & Gunawan, F. (2017). Matrilinial System and the Activity of Women Trafficking in West Sumatera. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Education, Science, and Technology (ICEST 2017), 97–99. https://doi.org/10.2991/icest-17.2017.33
Sifianou, M. (2012). Disagreements, face and politeness. Journal of Pragmatics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2012.03.009
Suci Erza, & Hamzah. (2018). Impoliteness Used By Haters on Instagram Comments of Male-Female Entertainers. E-Journal English Language and Literature, 7(1), 185–195. Retrieved from https://ejournal.unp.ac.id/index.php/ell/article/view/9911/7381
Sudaryanto. (2015). Metode dan Aneka Teknik Analisis Bahasa. Yogyakarta: Sanata Dharma University Press.
Yule, G., Questions, S., Questions, S., Questions, S., Questions, S., Questions, S., … Questions, S. (2010). The Study of Language ( 4th edition ) Study Guide. 1–97.
Article Sidebar
Published
Apr 26, 2020
Article Details
How to Cite
Revita, I., Marwati, S., Ayumi, A., & Mardiah, A. (2020). Maxims of Politeness Performed by Female Sellers at Traditional Market in Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Arbitrer, 7(1), 8–15. https://doi.org/10.25077/ar.7.1.8-15.2020
Issue
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.