Focus Position for Stripping Remnant
Main Article Content
Keywords
Hijazi Arabic, ellipsis, stripping, PF, deletion, FP
Abstract
The current paper examines the syntactic properties of HA stripping: a type of ellipsis. Within the Minimalist framework, the paper adopts the PF-Deletion approach to show that stripping in HA is derived firstly by the movement of the remnant constituent from TP to Focus Position (FP), and, secondly, by the deletion of the TP. These two operations are licensed by the Ellipsis feature (E) located in the focus head F°. Thus, on the one hand, the paper contributes to the existing body of literature supporting the hotly-debated issues on the movement of the stripping remnants, and on the other, enriches the very minimal HA studies on ellipsis. The findings show that HA stripped constituents must move to Spec, FP, before the TP- deletion process. Two pieces of evidence in support of the focus movement to FP spring from Island sensitivity and p-stranding facts in HA.
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References
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Al-Horais, N. (2008). Arabic Negation Marker (Laysa) with Bare Argument Ellipsis and its Association with Information Structure. NWPL, 14, 1-22.
Al Barrag, T. (2007). Relative clauses in Hijazi Arabic. (MA Dissertation), University of Queensland, Brisbane.
Al Barrag, T., & Al Zahrani, M. (2017). Free State Construction. Sino-US English Teaching, 14(2), 104 - 115.
Al Zahrani, M. (2013). Morphosyntactic and Semantic Properties of Hijazi Arabic Modals. (PhD Theoretical Linguistics: Morpho-Syntax and Semantics Interface), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland.
Al Zahrani, M. (2014). The Syntactic Properties of Negatives. US-China Foreign Language(1), 1-17.
Al Zahrani, M. (2015). Reflexives and Reciprocals in Classical and Hijazi Arabic. Pakistan Journal of Languages and Translation Studies(2015), 28 - 43.
Al Zahrani, M. (2016). Aktionsarten Projection and Subcategorization. The Internaional Journal of Arabic Linguistics (IJAL), 2(1), 46 - 69.
Al Zahrani, M. (2018). Morphosyntactic and Semantic Properties of Epistemic Modals Modifying Verbal Clauses. In P. G. Medina, R. T. Alonso & R. V. Escarza (Eds.), Verbs, Clauses and Constructions: Functional and Typological Approaches (pp. 149 - 166). Newcastle: United Kingdom: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Al Zahrani, M. (2020). Hypothetical and counterfactual mood markers: hierarchical placement. The Internaional Journal of Arabic Linguistics (IJAL), 6 (1 & 2), 167-191.
Al Zahrani, M. (forthcoming). Modality and the Evaluative Schema. Umm Al-Qura University Journal of Social Sciences, (accepted 5 May 2020).
Al Zahrani, M., & Alzahrani, S. (2019). Negatives scoping over verbal clauses in some Arabic varieties. US-China Foreign Language, 17(7), 332 - 344.
Al Zahrani, M., & Al Thagafi, K. (2020). The Structural PF Deletion Approach to Sluicing Investigation. Advances in Languages and Literary Studies (ALLS), 11(4).
Algryani. (2012). The syntax of ellipsis in Libyan Arabic: a generative analysis of sluicing, VP ellipsis, stripping and negative contrast. Newcastle University.
Algryani. (2019). The Syntax of Sluicing in Omani Arabic. International Journal of English Linguistics, 9(6).
Bardeas, S. (2005). The Pronominal Forms in Questions in Makkan Arabic. (Unpublished Master’s thesis), The University of York.
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Chomsky, N. (1995). The minimalist program. Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press.
Chomsky, N. (2000). Minimalist Inquiries. In R. M. e. al (Ed.), Step by Step: Essays on Minimalist Syntax in Honor of Howard Lasnik (pp. 53-87). Cambridge, Massachusetts: M.I.T. Press.
Chomsky, N., & Lasnik, H. (1993). The theory of principles and parameters. In J. Jacobs, N. Chomsky, H. Lasnik, A. von Stechow, W. Sternefeld & T. Vennemann (Eds.), Syntax: An international handbook of contemporary research (pp. 506-569). Berlin: de Gruyte.
Culicover, P., & Jackendoff, R. (2005). Simpler syntax. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Depiante, M. A. (2000). The syntax of deep and surface anaphora: A study of null complement anaphora and stripping/bare argument ellipsis.
Fiengo, R., & May, R. (1994). Indices and identity: MIT press.
Gengel, K. (2007). Focus and ellipsis: A generative analysis of pseudogapping and other elliptical structures.
Gergel, R. (2009). Modality and ellipsis: Diachronic and synchronic evidence (Vol. 202): Walter de Gruyter.
Hankamer, J., & Sag, I. (1976). Deep and surface anaphora. Linguistic inquiry, 7(3).
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Jones, L. (2004). Negation and movement in stripping constructions. Ms., University of California, Santa Cruz.
Kanakri, M. (2018). Sluicing and Standard Arabic. Jordon Journal of Modern Langugaes and Literature, 10(3), 261-271.
Kolokonte, M. (2008). Bare argument ellipsis and information structure. Newcastle University.
May, R. (1991). Syntax, semantics, and logical form. The Chomskyan Turn, Blackwell, Oxford, 334-359.
McCawley, J. D. (1988). The syntactic phenomena of English. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
McCawley, J. D. (1991). Contrastive negation and metalinguistic negation. Paper presented at the Chicago Linguistic Society.
McShane, M. (2000). Verbal ellipsis in Russian, Polish and Czech. The Slavic and East European Journal, 44(2), 195-233.
McShane, M. (2005). A theory of ellipsis. Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press.
Merchant, J. (1998). Pseudosluicing: elliptical clefts in Japanese and English. ZAS working papers in linguistics, 10, 88-112.
Merchant, J. (2001). The Syntax of Silence: Sluicing, Islands, and the Theory of Ellipsis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Merchant, J. (2003). Remarks on stripping. Ms., University of Chicago.
Merchant, J. (2004). Fragments and Ellipsis. Linguistics and philosophy, 27(6), 661-738.
Merchant, J. (2005). On the Role of Unpronounced Syntactic Structures. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
Merchant, J. (2016). Ellipsis: A survey of analytical approaches. Ms., University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
Radford, A. (2009). Analysing English Sentences: A Minimalist Approach: Cambridge University Press.
Reinhart, T. (1991). Elliptic Conjunctions—Non-Quantiï¬cational LF. The Chomskyan Tum, edited by A. Kasher, 360—384: Oxford: Blackwell.
Rooth, M. (1992). A theory of focus interpretation. Natural language semantics, 1(1), 75-116.
Smith, N. A. (2001). Ellipsis happens, and deletion is how. University of Maryland working papers in linguistics, 11, 176-191.
Takami, K.-i. (1992). Preposition stranding: From syntactic to functional analyses (Vol. 7): Walter de Gruyter.
Tancredi, C. D. (1992). Deletion, deaccenting, and presupposition. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Umbach, C. (2004). On the notion of contrast in information structure and discourse structure. Journal of Semantics, 21(2), 155-175.
Winkler, S. (2011). Ellipsis and focus in generative grammar (Vol. 81): Walter de Gruyter.
Al-Horais, N. (2008). Arabic Negation Marker (Laysa) with Bare Argument Ellipsis and its Association with Information Structure. NWPL, 14, 1-22.
Al Barrag, T. (2007). Relative clauses in Hijazi Arabic. (MA Dissertation), University of Queensland, Brisbane.
Al Barrag, T., & Al Zahrani, M. (2017). Free State Construction. Sino-US English Teaching, 14(2), 104 - 115.
Al Zahrani, M. (2013). Morphosyntactic and Semantic Properties of Hijazi Arabic Modals. (PhD Theoretical Linguistics: Morpho-Syntax and Semantics Interface), University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland.
Al Zahrani, M. (2014). The Syntactic Properties of Negatives. US-China Foreign Language(1), 1-17.
Al Zahrani, M. (2015). Reflexives and Reciprocals in Classical and Hijazi Arabic. Pakistan Journal of Languages and Translation Studies(2015), 28 - 43.
Al Zahrani, M. (2016). Aktionsarten Projection and Subcategorization. The Internaional Journal of Arabic Linguistics (IJAL), 2(1), 46 - 69.
Al Zahrani, M. (2018). Morphosyntactic and Semantic Properties of Epistemic Modals Modifying Verbal Clauses. In P. G. Medina, R. T. Alonso & R. V. Escarza (Eds.), Verbs, Clauses and Constructions: Functional and Typological Approaches (pp. 149 - 166). Newcastle: United Kingdom: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Al Zahrani, M. (2020). Hypothetical and counterfactual mood markers: hierarchical placement. The Internaional Journal of Arabic Linguistics (IJAL), 6 (1 & 2), 167-191.
Al Zahrani, M. (forthcoming). Modality and the Evaluative Schema. Umm Al-Qura University Journal of Social Sciences, (accepted 5 May 2020).
Al Zahrani, M., & Alzahrani, S. (2019). Negatives scoping over verbal clauses in some Arabic varieties. US-China Foreign Language, 17(7), 332 - 344.
Al Zahrani, M., & Al Thagafi, K. (2020). The Structural PF Deletion Approach to Sluicing Investigation. Advances in Languages and Literary Studies (ALLS), 11(4).
Algryani. (2012). The syntax of ellipsis in Libyan Arabic: a generative analysis of sluicing, VP ellipsis, stripping and negative contrast. Newcastle University.
Algryani. (2019). The Syntax of Sluicing in Omani Arabic. International Journal of English Linguistics, 9(6).
Bardeas, S. (2005). The Pronominal Forms in Questions in Makkan Arabic. (Unpublished Master’s thesis), The University of York.
Chomsky, N. (1993). A Minimalist Program for Linguistic Theory. In K. Hale & S. J. Keyser (Eds.), The View from Building 20 (pp. 41-58 ). Cambridge, Massachusetts: M.I.T. Press.
Chomsky, N. (1995). The minimalist program. Cambridge, Mass.: The MIT Press.
Chomsky, N. (2000). Minimalist Inquiries. In R. M. e. al (Ed.), Step by Step: Essays on Minimalist Syntax in Honor of Howard Lasnik (pp. 53-87). Cambridge, Massachusetts: M.I.T. Press.
Chomsky, N., & Lasnik, H. (1993). The theory of principles and parameters. In J. Jacobs, N. Chomsky, H. Lasnik, A. von Stechow, W. Sternefeld & T. Vennemann (Eds.), Syntax: An international handbook of contemporary research (pp. 506-569). Berlin: de Gruyte.
Culicover, P., & Jackendoff, R. (2005). Simpler syntax. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Depiante, M. A. (2000). The syntax of deep and surface anaphora: A study of null complement anaphora and stripping/bare argument ellipsis.
Fiengo, R., & May, R. (1994). Indices and identity: MIT press.
Gengel, K. (2007). Focus and ellipsis: A generative analysis of pseudogapping and other elliptical structures.
Gergel, R. (2009). Modality and ellipsis: Diachronic and synchronic evidence (Vol. 202): Walter de Gruyter.
Hankamer, J., & Sag, I. (1976). Deep and surface anaphora. Linguistic inquiry, 7(3).
Heim, I., Lasnik, H., & May, R. (1991). Reciprocity and plurality. Linguistic Inquiry, 22(1), 63-101.
Jones, L. (2004). Negation and movement in stripping constructions. Ms., University of California, Santa Cruz.
Kanakri, M. (2018). Sluicing and Standard Arabic. Jordon Journal of Modern Langugaes and Literature, 10(3), 261-271.
Kolokonte, M. (2008). Bare argument ellipsis and information structure. Newcastle University.
May, R. (1991). Syntax, semantics, and logical form. The Chomskyan Turn, Blackwell, Oxford, 334-359.
McCawley, J. D. (1988). The syntactic phenomena of English. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
McCawley, J. D. (1991). Contrastive negation and metalinguistic negation. Paper presented at the Chicago Linguistic Society.
McShane, M. (2000). Verbal ellipsis in Russian, Polish and Czech. The Slavic and East European Journal, 44(2), 195-233.
McShane, M. (2005). A theory of ellipsis. Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press.
Merchant, J. (1998). Pseudosluicing: elliptical clefts in Japanese and English. ZAS working papers in linguistics, 10, 88-112.
Merchant, J. (2001). The Syntax of Silence: Sluicing, Islands, and the Theory of Ellipsis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Merchant, J. (2003). Remarks on stripping. Ms., University of Chicago.
Merchant, J. (2004). Fragments and Ellipsis. Linguistics and philosophy, 27(6), 661-738.
Merchant, J. (2005). On the Role of Unpronounced Syntactic Structures. University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
Merchant, J. (2016). Ellipsis: A survey of analytical approaches. Ms., University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.
Radford, A. (2009). Analysing English Sentences: A Minimalist Approach: Cambridge University Press.
Reinhart, T. (1991). Elliptic Conjunctions—Non-Quantiï¬cational LF. The Chomskyan Tum, edited by A. Kasher, 360—384: Oxford: Blackwell.
Rooth, M. (1992). A theory of focus interpretation. Natural language semantics, 1(1), 75-116.
Smith, N. A. (2001). Ellipsis happens, and deletion is how. University of Maryland working papers in linguistics, 11, 176-191.
Takami, K.-i. (1992). Preposition stranding: From syntactic to functional analyses (Vol. 7): Walter de Gruyter.
Tancredi, C. D. (1992). Deletion, deaccenting, and presupposition. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Umbach, C. (2004). On the notion of contrast in information structure and discourse structure. Journal of Semantics, 21(2), 155-175.
Winkler, S. (2011). Ellipsis and focus in generative grammar (Vol. 81): Walter de Gruyter.
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Oct 25, 2020
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Author Biography
Mohammad Ali Al Zahrani, Taif University, Faculty of Arts, Foreign Languages Department Taif, Makkah Province
Mohammad Al Zahrani
Associate Professor
Fellow, HEA, Britain, UK
Morphosyntax and Semantics
Foreign Languages Department
Faculty of Arts
Taif University